低温电铸复合片及其石油取心钻头研制     

李大佛 《地球科学》1992,17(2):231-240

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西秦岭阳山金矿带成矿热年代学:锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹研究     

杨忠虎  李楠  张良  张志超 《地学前缘》2019,26(5):174-188

阳山金矿带因其独特的构造位置、超大型金资源量以及成矿后区域发生大规模隆升剥蚀事件,成为矿床学领域研究热年代学的理想选区。本文针对金矿带成矿后热历史演化开展锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹研究,获得如下成果：（1）锆石裂变径迹年龄值分布范围为(287.0±21)～(101±3) Ma(1σ),且不同岩性的年龄值各有特征,砂板岩锆石裂变径迹年龄值跨度最大(287～107 Ma),千枚岩锆石裂变径迹值分布范围为177～101 Ma,斜长花岗斑岩中锆石裂变径迹年龄值为193～185 Ma;（2）磷灰石裂变径迹年龄值分布范围为(69±7)～(46±14) Ma(1σ),径迹长度及其分布特征显示金矿带在晚白垩世—古新世的地层冷却表现为单调且缓慢地通过磷灰石裂变径迹的封闭温度。根据金矿带热历史演化分析,结合研究区古地温梯度、成矿深度数据,得出泥山矿段先于葛条湾矿段剥蚀,阳山金矿带自白垩纪以来地层总剥蚀厚度约为12.24 km,矿体剥蚀厚度上限约为880 m,推测阳山金矿带北部地层剥蚀少的矿段有较大的找矿潜力。  相似文献   

基于核密度估计的碎屑颗粒年龄分析及应用:松辽盆地构造事件定年     

宋鹰  张俊霞  Andrei Stepashko  袁万明  丛旭日 《地学前缘》2016,23(4):265-276

碎屑矿物热年代学是了解板块碰撞、造山带抬升剥露以及盆地沉积等地质事件的重要途径之一。同一沉积区内碎屑颗粒通常是多来源的,含有不同的年龄组分,如何获得真实的年龄组分分布样式,进而准确地提取出地质年龄信息是碎屑颗粒年龄分析的关键。由于受到数学原理、组距选择和样品分析测试误差等因素的影响,常用的地质年龄频率分布图和概率密度曲线难以得到真实的年龄分布样式。本文引入一种新的同位素年龄数据统计方法--核密度估计法。该方法以同位素年龄数据为基础,根据数据密度和测试误差自适应变换带宽函数,减少了测试误差和样本数量的干扰,有效地提高了年龄分解精度。该方法尤其适用于同位素年龄样本数量少的研究新区以及测试误差大的碎屑颗粒年代学数据分析。本文应用核密度估计法,对大兴安岭地区显生宙花岗岩锆石U Pb年龄数据库和松辽盆地碎屑磷灰石裂变径迹年龄数据进行了分析,所得到的年龄分布样式不但与区域地质背景、盆地构造沉积记录等地质事实相吻合,还进一步准确约束了区域构造事件的年代界限。因此核密度估计法是一种能合理有效地进行地质年龄分布样式分析的先进统计方法。  相似文献   

现代海底热液场低温弥散流区微生物生态的研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

李季伟  周怀阳  彭晓彤  陈智强  孙治雷  李江涛  陈顺  章力学 《海洋科学进展》2012,30(2):295-304

现代海底低温热液弥散流区微生物生态的发育情况已经成为当前热液系统研究关注的热点之一。大量的分析表明在低温热液弥散流区赋存着丰富的化能自养微生物,以硫、铁等元素的氧化还原反应获取新陈代谢能量,这些微生物的分布与低温热液流体的物理化学条件有着密切的联系。这些发现极大地丰富了我们对低温弥散流区微生物生态、关键地球化学过程与微生物新陈代谢耦合关系的认识。此外,低温热液流体是研究洋壳深部生物圈的窗口,通过这个窗口可以了解地壳内部生命的新陈代谢方式,进而理解地球内部微生物与洋壳内部流体、岩石之间的相互作用机制。  相似文献   

Cenozoic sedimentary records and geochronological constraints of differential uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

KeXin Zhang  GuoCan Wang  Kai Cao  Chao Liu  ShuYuan Xiang  HanLie Hong  XiaoHu Kou  YaDong Xu  FenNing Chen  YanNing Meng  RuiMing Chen 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(11):1658-1672

Geological mapping data (1:250000) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its adjacent regions reveal the sediment sequences, distribution and tectonic evolution of the 92 Tertiary remnant basins. Southern Tibet and the Yecheng area in Xinjiang, located at southern and northwestern margins of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, respectively, were parts of the Neo-Tethys remnant sea in the Paleogene. In southern Tibet, both the subabyssal and abyssal sequences occur at the Gyangze, Saga, Guoyala, and Sangmai areas. The deep-water facies successions outcrop in the west, whereas the shallow-water facies sequences in the east, indicating the east to the west retreat of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. The retreat of the Neo-Tethys Ocean in the east was contributed to the earlier tectonic uplift of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The uplift process of the Plateau from the Late Cretaceous to Pliocene is described as follows: During the Late Cretaceous, tectonic uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau occurred in the northeastern part and the configuration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was characterized by rise in the northeast and depression in the west. In the Paleocene-Eocene interval, the Tengchong-Baingoin and Kuyake-Golmud areas experienced local tectonic uplifting, the West Kunlun uplift zone broadened easterly, the Qilian uplift zone broadened southerly, and the Songpan-Garzê uplift zone shrank easterly. The Oligocene configuration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was characterized by mountain chains rising along its margins and sedimentary basins in the central part because of tectonic uplifts of the Gangdisê and the Himalaya blocks. Meanwhile, the Kunlun-Altyn-Qilian uplift zones have also broadened southerly and northerly. In contrast, the great uplift zones of the Gangdisê, the Himalaya, the Karakorum, and the Kunlun blocks characterize the paleogeographic contours of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the Miocene-Pliocene. Additionally, the thermochronological data on tectonic uplift events in southern Tibet, West Kunlun Mountains, Altyn Tagh, eastern Tibet, and western Sichuan all suggest that the most intense deformation occurred at 13-8 Ma and since 5 Ma, respectively, corresponding to two great uplift periods in Neogene. As a result, turnover of paleogeographic configuration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau occurred during the Neogene, experiencing a change from high contours in the east in the pre-Oligocene to high contours in the west at the end-Pliocene. The uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the Cenozoic was episodic, and the uplifts of various blocks within the Plateau were spatially and chronologically different.  相似文献   

Applications of Low Temperature Thermochronology in the Tectonogeomorphology Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau     

Wang Xiuxi 《地球科学进展》2017,32(3):234-244

The tectonogeomorphology is regarded as the key to understanding the uplift history of the Tibetan Plateau. But its research is blocked by the poor constrains of chronology. The low temperature thermochronology, the most fashions are the zircon and apatite fission-track and (U-Th)/He thermochronology (ZFT, AFT, ZHe and AHe), has thoroughly developed recently, become a sensitive and precise tool for this kind study, and was suggested in this paper. A metasynthesis study of the multiple low temperature thermochronology was proposed, including the bedrocks of high altitude mountains, on which low-relief and layered landscapes has developed and relicted, as well as the synorogenic deposits, such as the Cenozoic sediments, river terraces and modern river deposits. Thus, mutual compensation of advantages among ZFT, AFT, ZHe and AHe could be achieved to yield a whole exhumation and evolution history of regional tectonogeomorphology during the Cenozic. Accordingly, several conceptual growth models of the tectonogeomorphology terrane can be yielded. However, issues as pointed out in this study are still exist when conducting the relevant researches, and should be carefully addressed.  相似文献   

基于BIF条带状铁建造矿化特征的国际铁矿石盈亏平衡运营成本定量研究     

王崴平  陈毓川 《岩矿测试》2017,36(2):187-195

国内外铁矿石价格对标基准多采用离岸价或到岸价,而非盈亏平衡运营成本,难以揭示我国铁矿石所面对的真实市场承压价格。为了厘清国际一线生产商的铁矿石盈亏平衡运营成本价格,本文对世界上最重要的条带状铁建造(BIF)矿产地——西澳哈默斯利盆地高品位赤铁矿矿床的矿化特征及代表性铁矿石产品展开系统研究,同时引入巴西铁四角地区的铁英岩型赤铁矿矿石作为对照,分析全球典型高品位赤铁矿矿石经济指标。结合前人研究成果,将西澳哈默斯利盆地与BIF相关的高品位赤铁矿的富集矿化类型划分为假象赤铁矿-针铁矿、微板状赤铁矿与河道沉积型赤铁矿,巴西铁四角主要为铁英岩型赤铁矿。上述各矿化类型对应的铁矿石产品的铁元素含量均高于56%;在杂质元素含量上,假象赤铁矿-针铁矿的磷含量高,微板状赤铁矿的磷、硫含量较高,河道沉积型赤铁矿的磷、硫含量较低,铁英岩型赤铁矿含锰。经定量估算,西澳力拓、必和必拓、FMG和巴西淡水河谷的铁矿石盈亏平衡运营成本价格分别为34.66、36.76、47.35、38.07美元/干吨,可为中国海外权益铁矿项目开发提供运营成本的参考。  相似文献   

川东北地区通南巴背斜中三叠世以来构造变形时间厘定及其地质意义     

陈龙博  何登发  王贝  李英强  梅庆华  文竹 《大地构造与成矿学》2017,41(3)

通南巴背斜位于四川盆地东北部,中三叠世以来经历多期构造挤压与叠加作用,其形成与演化主要受到米仓山构造带由北西向南东冲断挤压作用的控制以及大巴山构造带由北东向南西构造叠加的影响,因此,厘定通南巴背斜的构造活动时间可以有效约束米仓山中三叠世以来陆内变形时间,亦对区域构造变形时序以及米仓山基底冲断变形特征有指示意义。本文以两条地质剖面为基础,刻画出背斜南翼中-上侏罗统旋转生长地层特征,表明地层发生褶皱的启动时间为中侏罗世晚期-晚侏罗世早期,并且通过长剖面解释,认为米仓山基底发育楔入冲断构造,楔端点位移沿前震旦系滑脱层向盆地扩展传递导致了通南巴背斜NE向构造的形成。磷灰石裂变径迹热模拟显示,通南巴背斜分别于晚白垩世早期(95~90 Ma)和新生代中晚期(~24 Ma)开始快速隆升剥蚀,隆升速率分别为0.06~0.085 mm/a和0.133 mm/a左右。通过汇总区域低温热年代学样品点,分区建立构造变形时空序列,得出川东北地区在中-晚侏罗世、白垩纪以及始新世-中新世分别发生一次米仓山由北向南的构造扩展以及大巴山由北东向南西的构造叠加作用。  相似文献   

裂变径迹热年代学对西藏卓奥友峰藏南拆离系活动时间的约束     

高成  刘娇  李德威  汪帆  刘德民 《地学前缘》2014,21(6):372-380

引入裂变径迹方法研究藏南拆离系(STDS)的活动历史。通过青藏高原喜马拉雅卓奥友峰5个锆石和4个磷灰石样品的裂变径迹实验,分别获得11.2~17.1 Ma和12.4~14.3 Ma的年龄范围。年龄温度法计算得到中新世时期洛子峰拆离断层在卓奥友峰地区剥蚀作用逐渐增强的结论：(1)17.1~15.2 Ma地壳冷却速率较慢,约为37.8 ℃/Ma;(2)15.2~13.5 Ma地壳冷却速率为82.4 ℃/Ma,并且在14.3 Ma左右构造活动最强烈,达到峰值;(3)13.5~12.4 Ma地壳冷却速率可达100 ℃/Ma。  相似文献   

裂变径迹热年代学方法、应用及其研究展望     

乔建新  赵红格  王海然 《地质与资源》2012,21(3):308-312

裂变径迹热年代学方法是基于铀裂变辐射损伤效应的一种同位素热年代学方法.在分析裂变径迹定年的原理和方法、常用年龄值及裂变径迹退火作用等基础上,综述了目前裂变径迹热年代学方法在造山带隆升-冷却、沉积盆地分析、盆山耦合关系、断裂活动时限及热液成矿作用等方面的相关理论和应用,并结合国内外研究现状指出了裂变径迹热年代学今后的发展方向.  相似文献